![]() ![]() It has been found that humans and ruminants have the WAP gene in their genome as pseudogene. WAP-type 'four-disulfide core' domain in PROSITE.'C': conserved cysteine involved in a disulfide bond. XxxxxxxCPxxxxxxxxxCxxxxCxxxxxCxxxxxCCxxxCxxxCxxxx The following schematic representation shows the position of the conserved cysteines that form the 'four-disulfide core' WAP domain This motif is also found in other proteins of different functions, which led to the suggestion that WAP is associated with antiprotease or antibacterial properties. Each disulfide bond of the WAP motif is made up of two cysteine molecule. Whey Acidic Protein contains two to three four-disulfide core domain, also termed WAP domain or WAP motif. These genes can be useful biomarkers for detecting tumours. There have been several candidate markers for cancer most notably genes coding for elafin, antileukoproteinase 1 (previously called secretory leucocyte proteinase inhibitor, SLPI), WAP four disulphide core domain protein 1 (previously called prostate stromal protein 20 kDa, PS20), and WAP four disulphide core domain protein 2 (previously called major human epididymis-specific protein E4, HE4). There are exceptions in some mammalian species, whereby WAP has not been found to be synthesized in the mammary gland. Whey Acidic Protein (WAP) is the major milk protein in certain mammals. ![]()
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